Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English - much
Связанные словари
Much
much
~1 adv 1 much taller/much more difficult etc used especially before comparatives and superlatives to mean a lot taller, a lot more difficult (You get a much better view if you stand on a chair. | She looks much fatter in real life than she does on TV. | much too old/much too tall etc) (You can't marry him. He's much too old. | much the bigger/much the more interesting) (Her second novel was much the more exciting. | much the biggest/much the most interesting etc) (He is much the most handsome man I've ever met. | much loved/much admired) (Maturity and wider experience are much sought after commodities in teaching these days.) 2 too much/so much/very much/how much etc used to show the degree which someone does something or something happens (If he didn't talk so much he'd do a lot better. | The divorce was messy and at the time upset her very much. | I've so much looked forward to your visit. | However much you hate walking you still have to go to the top.) 3 not much a) only a little, only to a small degree etc ("Did you enjoy the performance?" "Not much!" | I haven't seen Tony for over 20 years. He hasn't changed much. | It was only a young dog - not much higher than my knee.) b) used to say that something does not happen often (We don't go to the theatre much these days. | The new compact discs mean you don't see LPs in the shops as much.) 4 much like/much as/much the same used to say that something is very similar to something else (The house was very much as I'd remembered it. | It's easy to confuse us, we're much the same build and have the same coloured hair.) 5 not be much good at something to not be able to do something such as play a sport, speak a foreign language etc very well (Brian's never been much good at understanding other people's feelings.) 6 much less used to say that one thing is even less true, possible etc, than another (He can hardly afford beer, much less champagne.) 7 be too much/a bit much spoken used to say that someone's behaviour is rude or impolite (I thought breaking your window and expecting you to pay for it was a bit much!) 8 not so much...as... used to show that something is bigger, more difficult etc than people may think (In many cases nursing is not so much a job as a way of life.) 9 much as sb does sth used to mean that although one thing is true, something else is also true (Much as I enjoy Shakespeare, I was glad when the play was over.) 10 much to sb's surprise/disgust etc formal used to say that someone was very surprised, very disgusted etc (Much to my displeasure some of the pupils in the school have been smoking outside the gates.) 11 so much the better (for sb) especially spoken used to say that you think a situation, idea etc is very good (If he wants to not drink and drive everyone home, so much the better for us!) 12 Not much! used to emphasize that you really do want to do something, that you really are excited about something etc ("You don't want any cake, do you Tom?" "Not much!") ( USAGE NOTE: MUCH GRAMMAR POINTS Much, with or without very, is only used with nouns if they are uncountable, and then only with negative clauses or in questions She doesn't get out much. | Did you get very much work done? | How much money do you have? For positive statements and with countable nouns, you use a lot or many She's done a lot of work. | They visited many/a lot of countries. | Were there many people there? You often use (very) much with verbs in negative or question contexts. In questions, it usually comes at the end of a clause Do you go to London much? In negative contexts, it may come before the v, or, more often, at the end. So you would say I don't much like living in London. | I don't like living in London much (NOT I don't like living much in London). So much, as much, much more and too much are often used in positive contexts with verbs and uncountable nouns I go to restaurants so much I'm tired of them. | She smokes too much. | Try to relax as much as possible. | We'll need much more money than that. With some verbs, especially with the general meaning `like', very much can be used in positive contexts as well. Using very much before a verb is particularly common in British English Rhoda very much enjoys skiing (NOT Rhoda enjoys very much skiing).). | I love her very much. You also say Thank you very much. (Very)much is used with most adjectives only before more and too, or when they are in the -er form. You cannot use it simply instead of very This is much more/too difficult. But note that you say I am very sorry (NEVER I am much sorry, or I am sorry very much). Some adjectives end in -ed or -ing and look like forms of verbs, but they take very rather than much (unless more or too is there as well). So you would use much in this sentence She was a much-loved colleague because loved is a passive v, but you would use very in this one The kids are getting very tired, because tired is an adj.
) ~2 quantifier 1 used to mean a lot of something especially in spoken English in questions and negatives or in formal written English (There isn't much time. Pack the bag quickly. | He didn't say much about it but I think his wife left him. | Do you get much chance to travel in your job? | After much deliberation the judges awarded the prize to Miss Venezuela. | how much?) (How much is the dress with the white collar? | much of) (Much of the city was destroyed in the attack.) 2 so much/too much used to talk about a particularly large amount of something, especially more than necessary (I think it would taste nicer if you didn't use so much salt. | There was too much work for one person. | far/much etc too much) (Easy on the gin! You've put in much too much!) 3 not much used to mean that something is not important, interesting, worthy etc (The car may not be much to look at but it's very reliable. | Spend the vacation decorating? I don't think much of that idea. | I think we should leave. There's nothing much we can do to help. | The sequel was slightly better than the first movie but that's not saying much.) 4 not be up to much spoken especially BrE to be fairly bad (The restaurant's very grand but the food isn't up to much.) 5 not be much of a dancer/swimmer etc to not be a good dancer, swimmer etc (Greg's not much of a footballer but you can't fault his motivation.) 6 it was as much as I/she etc could do used to say that someone could only just manage to do something (He looked so absurd, it was as much as I could do to keep a straight face.) 7 be too much for sb to be too difficult for someone to do (Climbing the stairs is too much for her now that she's in her 90s.) 8 think/say etc as much to think or say what you have just mentioned (She believed that the company should abandon such a risky proposal and said as much at the meeting.) 9 make much of sb/sth a) to treat information, a situation etc as though you think it is very important or serious (The press didn't make as much of the discovery as they might have done.) b) to think that something is very good or very impressive (I didn't make much of her latest novel.) c) to treat someone very kindly because you like them a lot (A childless couple, they always made much of their nephews and nieces.) (- compare make little of little2) 10 not/without so much as used when you are surprised or annoyed that someone did not do something (He left without so much as saying goodbye. | Sonia didn't so much as thank her for her help.) 11 I'll say this/that much for used to praise someone or something when they are being criticized a lot (I'll say this much for Fiona - she has plenty of spirit!) 12 so much for used to say that it was not worth using something because it had little effect, it was useless etc (So much for worrying she'd be lonely - she's having a party tonight!) 13 as much again the same amount or number as the one mentioned before (The car only cost me -500 but it cost as much again to get it insured.)
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См. в других словарях
1.
Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. 1. You use much to indicate the great intensity, extent, or degree of something such as an action, feeling, or change. Much is usually used with ‘so’, ‘too’, and ‘very’, and in negative clauses with this meaning. She laughs too much... Thank you very much... My hairstyle hasn’t changed much since I was five. ADV: ADV after v 2. If something does not happen much, it does not happen very often. He said that his father never talked much about the war... Gwen had not seen her Daddy all that much, because mostly he worked on the ships... Do you get back East much? = often ADV: oft with brd-neg, ADV after v 3. You use much in front of ‘too’ or comparative adjectives and adverbs in order to emphasize that there is a large amount of a particular quality. The skin is much too delicate... You’d be so much happier if you could see yourself the way I see you... = far ADV: ADV compar, ADV too c darkgreen]emphasis 4. If one thing is much the same as another thing, it is very similar to it. The day ended much as it began... Sheep’s milk is produced in much the same way as goat’s milk. ADV: ADV as/like cl, ADV like n, ADV n as n, ADV n 5. You use much to indicate that you are referring to a large amount of a substance or thing. They are grown on the hillsides in full sun, without much water... The Home Office acknowledges that much crime goes unreported... DET: DET n-uncount, oft with brd-neg • Much is also a pronoun. ...eating too much and drinking too much... There was so much to talk about. ? little PRON • Much is also a quantifier. Much of the time we do not notice that we are solving problems... She does much of her work abroad... QUANT: QUANT of def-n-uncount/def-sing-n 6. You use much in expressions such as not much, not very much, and too much when replying to questions about amounts. ‘Can you hear it where you live?’ He shook his head. ‘Not much.’... ‘Do you...Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary
2.
I. adjective (more; most) Etymology: Middle English ~e large, ~, from michel, ~el, from Old English micel, mycel; akin to Old High German mihhil great, large, Latin magnus, Greek megas, Sanskrit mahat Date: 13th century 1. a. great in quantity, amount, extent, or degree there is ~ truth in what you say taken too ~ time b. great in importance or significance nothing ~ happened 2. obsolete many in number 3. more than is expected or acceptable ; more than enough the large pizza is a bit ~ for one person II. adverb (more; most) Date: 13th century 1. a. (1) to a great degree or extent ; considerably ~ happier (2) very ~ gratified b. (1) frequently, often ~ away from home (2) by or for a long time didn't get to work ~ before noon c. by far was ~ the brightest student 2. nearly, approximately looks ~ the way his father did III. noun Date: 13th century 1. a great quantity, amount, extent, or degree gave away ~ 2. something considerable or impressive was not ~ to look at ...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
3.
adj., n., & adv. --adj. 1 existing or occurring in a great quantity (much trouble; not much rain; too much noise). 2 (prec. by as, how, that, etc.) with relative rather than distinctive sense (I don't know how much money you want). --n. 1 a great quantity (much of that is true). 2 (prec. by as, how, that, etc.) with relative rather than distinctive sense (we do not need that much). 3 (usu. in neg.) a noteworthy or outstanding example (not much to look at; not much of a party). --adv. 1 a in a great degree (much to my surprise; is much the same). b (qualifying a verb or past participle) greatly (they much regret the mistake; I was much annoyed). Usage Much implies a strong verbal element in the participle, whereas very implies a strong adjectival element: compare the second example above with I was very annoyed. c qualifying a comparative or superlative adjective (much better; much the most likely). 2 for a large part of one's time (is much away from home). Phrases and idioms as much the extent or quantity just specified; the idea just mentioned (I thought as much; as much as that?). a bit much colloq. somewhat excessive or immoderate. make much of see MAKE. much as even though (cannot come, much as I would like to). much less see LESS. much obliged see OBLIGE. not much colloq. 1 iron. very much. 2 certainly not. not much in it see IN. too much colloq. an intolerable situation etc. (that really is too much). too much for 1 more than a match for. 2 beyond what is endurable by. Derivatives muchly adv. joc. Etymology: ME f. muchel MICKLE: for loss of el cf. BAD, WENCH ...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
4.
1) гораздо 2) значительно 3) много 4) немало 5) очень 6) почти 7) приблизительно as much as possible — как можно больше half as much again — полтора раза больше, в полуторном размере much (about) the same — почти то же самое much greater sign — знак "много больше" much less sign — знак "много меньше" much of a size — почти того же размера much of the size — почти того же размера not so much as — меньше, чем so much the more — подавно very much the other way — как раз наоборот - as much again - how much - much more - not much - so much - too much - twice as much ...Англо-русский Русско-английский научно-технический словарь
5.
1. многое to see much —- много(е) видеть there is not much to see (to be seen) —- (здесь) не на что смотреть; здесь мало интересного to do much —- много(е) сделать there is much to do (to be done) —- многое надо сделать to suffer much —- много(е) пережить much still remains to be done —- осталось еще много работы, еще многое нужно сделать there is not much left —- мало (что) (немного) осталось to say much —- (рас-)сказать многое there is much to say —- многое нужно (рас)сказать, о многом нужно поговорить much of smth. —- большая часть чего-л. much of what you say is true —- многое из того, что вы говорите, справделиво; вы во многом правы to be worth (to amount to) much —- стоит многого, представлять большую (значительную) ценность his work is not up to much —- его работа большой ценности не представляет it leaves much to be desired —- это оставляет желать многого (лучшего) there is not much in him —- он ничего (особенного) собой не представляет much he knows about it —- ирон. много он (об этом) знает 2. в сочетаниях: as much —- это - то; именно это to think as much —- так и думать I expected as much —- именно этого я и ожидал; я ничего другого не ожидал as much again —- еще столько же I want as much again —- мне нужно еще столько же Id: to be too much for smb. —- оказаться не по силам кому-л. Id: not much of a scholar —- не очень-то (не ахти какой) образованный...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
6.
1. adj.; comp. more; superl. most много; much snow - много снега; much time - много времени much water has flown under the bridge since that time - много воды утекло с тех пор to be too much for - оказаться не по силам кому-л. 2. adv.; comp. more; superl. most 1) очень; I am much obliged to you - я вам очень благодарен 2) (при сравн. ст.) гораздо, значительно; much more natural - гораздо естественнее; much better - намного лучше 3) почти, приблизительно; much of a size (a height, etc.) - почти того же размера (той же высоты и т.п.); much (about) the same - почти (одно и) то же, почти такой же not much - отнюдь нет; ни в коем случае 3. noun многое; - make much of he is not much of a scholar - он не слишком образованный человек much of a muchness coll. - почти (одно и) то же; одного поля ягода much will have more prov. - деньги к деньгам MUCH bucked довольный, оживленный ...Англо-русский словарь
7.
See: AS MUCH AS, FOR AS MUCH AS, MAKE MUCH OF, SO MUCH, SO MUCH FOR, THINK A GREAT DEAL OF or THINK MUCH OF. ...Английский словарь американских идиом
8.
- worn down by loss of unaccented last syllable from M.E. muchel, from O.E. micel "great in amount or extent," from P.Gmc. *mekilaz. For vowel evolution, see bury. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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